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M.I.T. Laboratory for Computer Science (LCS)
The Internet owes its very being, to M.I.T
The following information was taken from the M.I.T Website. There are many extremely
interesting links to follow.
The M.I.T Laboratory for Computer Science (LCS) goal is to research computer science and
engineering. It is dedicated to the invention; development and understanding of
information technologies which are expected to drive substantial technical and
socio-economic change. LCS members and alumni have been instrumental in the development
of the
ARPANET, the
Ethernet,
the
World Wide Web, time-shared computers, RSA
encryption, and dozens of other technologies. Anyone who makes decisions using a
spreadsheet sends and receives email, communicates with colleagues through a
LAN, or surfs the
Web is benefiting from the creative output of a present or former member of LCS.
LCS research has spawned over three dozen companies. Listed below are a few of the most
well known companies?
The Laboratory hosts the USA headquarters of the World Wide Web Consortium, an open forum
of companies and organizations with the mission to lead the Web to its full potential.
LCS brings together faculty, researchers, and students in a broad program of study,
research, and experimentation. Its members pursue innovations in information technology
that will yield substantive long-term improvements in the ways that people live and work.
LCS strives for excellence, relevance, and social purpose. The hallmark of its research
is a balanced consideration of technological capability and human utility.
Currently,
LCS is focusing its research on
the architectures of tomorrow's information infrastructures. In the interest of making
computers more efficient and easier to use, LCS researchers are putting great effort into
human-machine communication via speech understanding; designing new computers, operating
systems, and communications architectures for a networked world; and automating
information gathering and organization. LCS researchers are also exploring the boundaries
between computer science, biology, and medicine, as they continue to probe the
theoretical underpinnings of computer science.
In addition, LCS recently announced the launching of the
Oxygen product an integrated collection of
eight new technologies: handheld, wall and trunk computers, a novel net, built-in speech
understanding, knowledge access, collaboration, automation and customization. Taken
together, these human-oriented technologies will forge a new computing metaphor that it
is hoped will mark an important shift from the desktop icons of today.
This five-year research program; done in conjunction with M.I.T
the Artificial Intelligence Laboratory. Draws upon
60-research projects, the Lab is currently pursuing. LCS celebrated its 35th anniversary
in April 1999, with the announcement of a
New Future Home (Note the buildings name)
on the M.I.T Campus, currently being designed by architect Frank Gehry. The Laboratory
remains committed to lead the computer revolution, expanding the boundaries of today's
information technology, forecasting, and redefining the capabilities of the
computer.
The Laboratory for Computer Science was founded in 1963, as an inter-departmental
research laboratory of M.I.T, with funds from the U.S. Defence Department, spurred on by
the surprise launch of the Soviet satellite
Sputnik. Originally
known as
Project MAC
(Multiple Access Computing and Machine Aided Cognition). Its mission was to develop a
computer system, made accessible to a large number of people, and to exploit the computer
as an aid to research, and education.
The initial result of this effort was, time-shared computers, and the operating system
known as MULTICS, which was later developed into
UNIX MULTICS. It laid the foundation for many
of today's basic design concepts for software systems. Such as line, and page editors,
the directory system of organizing computer files, virtual memory, and computer-aided
design. This first decade of LCS research also saw the development of the original
TCP/IP networking protocol,
as well as the fundamental technology that has become the Internet.
Building on these advances in computing, LCS expanded its research by initiating studies
in clinical decision making, distributed systems, and languages, parallel processing
systems, object-oriented programming, computer languages, and architectures for parallel
systems, the development of local area networks, and human-computer speech understanding,
amongst other areas of study.
Additional LCS-pioneered concepts ultimately achieved widespread acceptance, and
commercial success, including the development of the first commercial spreadsheet
program,
VisiCalc; the RSA
encryption algorithm, for secure computer transactions; the first workstation
Unix Ports;
X-Windows, a widely adopted user interface system; various commercial spoken language
systems: and much more.
In 1994, LCS became home to the World Wide Web Consortium, a standard's organization,
which develops the common protocols, which promote the Web's evolution, and ensure its
interoperability. Over 4000, researchers and students, have contributed to the work of
the Lab in its 35-year history. Some of there most significant work is visible in a,
Historical Timeline put
together for the Lab's 35th anniversary.
Most members of LCS are affiliated with either, the Department of Electrical Engineering
and Computer Science
EECS, or the
Department of Mathematics at M.I.T. The Lab has 65
faculty, and senior research staff members, about 50 visiting faculty members,
postdoctoral students, and research affiliates, and 180 graduate students. 100
undergraduates, working under M.I.T's
Undergraduate
Research Opportunity Program, and are intimately involved in LCS advanced research
projects. LCS, is under the direction of Michael Dertouzos; with Anant Agarwal, and
Victor Zue: serving as Associate Directors.